ADVERBSظروف الزمان والمكان و الكيف
now – here – quickly
then – there – loudly
on Friday – at home – fast
at 5 o’clock – on the table – quietly …..etc.
Example : See you on Friday .
Tensesأزمنة الفعل
1)-The present simple: الزمن المضارع ( الحاضر ) البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه everyday – always – sometimes – often – usually – rarely – once a week – generally – habitually – never .
( Expressing a fact حقيقة or a habit عادة )يعبر عن
I- We – You – They = ( infinitive أصل الفعل )
He – She – It = ( infinitive أصل الفعل+ s )
Examples :أمثلة
1-We always travel in summer . ( a habit عادة)
2-My father always travels in summer . ( a habit عادة)
3-The sun rises in the east . ( a fact حقيقة )
4-Ahmed ( ride ) his bike everyday . …rides……
5-Hisham ( drive) once a week . …drives… .
6-It ( rain ) in winter . … rains…
7-The sky ( be ) blue . …is….
8-Ahmed ( have ) a good bicycle . …. has…
2)-The past simple:الزمن الماضي البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه yesterday – last night – in the past – When I was a boy – ago .
الفعل + ed الفعل النظامي
الفعل الشاذ التصريف الثاني من الفعل
Examples :أمثلة
1-It (rain) last night . … rained ..
2-I ( meet) Ahmed yesterday . …met…
3-He ( can ) pass the test last year . ..could…
4-They ( be ) at the party one hour ago . …were…
3)-The Future simple: الزمن المستقبل البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه tomorrow – next – in the future – When I leave school I…………….
Examples :أمثلة 1-They ( come ) tomorrow . …will come…
2-She ( help ) me next Monday . …will help…
3-In the future , man ( live ) on the moon . …will live…
4)-The present continuous: الزمن المضارع المستمر
Key words:الكلمات الدالة عليه now – at this moment – right now – Look ! – Listen!.
I am
He – She – It is الفعل + ing
We – You – They are
Examples :
1-At the moment ,we ( study ) English . ..are studying…
2-The boys (play ) football in the garden now . …are playing…
3-It ( rain ) now . ….is raining…
4-Ahmed ( watch ) TV right now . …is watching…
5-Now , I ( listen ) to the Holy Qur’aan . ….am listening…
5)-The past continuous :الزمن الماضي المستمر
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه while – when – as
I, He , She , It was + الفعل+ ing
We ,You , They were + الفعل+ ing
Examples :
1.I was speaking on the phone when my father called me .
2.We were playing football when it started to rain .
3.While the teacher was explaining the lesson Ahmad spoke .
6)-The present perfect:الزمن المضارع التام
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه just – for – since – already – never – ever – yet .
I , We , You , They have + P.P
He , She , It has + P.P
Examples :
1.I have already seen this film.
2.She has not come back yet.
3.They have just finished the homework.
4.We have never visited Aqua Park.
5.Have you ever seen a dinosaur ?
7)-The past perfect: الزمن الماضي التام
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه before – after – when – already (+a verb in the past simple)
Examples :
1.When I arrived at the airport, the plane had already left .
2.I ate breakfast after I had prayed Al-fajr .
3.Before we travelled to Mecca we had bought what we needed .
8)-The present perfect continuous:الزمن المضارع التام المستمر
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه for – since ( followed by words like : “all “ , “and still”
I , We , You , They have been + V + ing
He , She , It has been + V + ing
Examples :
1.We have been working in Kuwait since 1981 .
2.He has been looking for the watch for three days and he hasn’t found it
yet .
3.It has been raining all the morning .
9)-The future continuous:الزمن المستقبل المستمر
will + be + V-ing
shall + be +V-ing
Examples :
1-At 6 o’clock tomorrow I will be flying to London .
2-At the same time next Monday, we’ll be driving to Saudi Arabia.
10)-The future Perfect Tense: الزمن المستقبل التام (“by” followed by a future reference )
will / shall have + P.P.
Examples :
1.By 10 o’clock tomorrow we’ll have finished the job .
2.By the end of next week she will have completed the design .
Some words are usually followed by the infinitive form:كلمات يتبعها أصل الفعل
{ will – shall – would – should – can – could – may – might – don’t – didn’t – doesn’t – let’s – to …}
Example :Let’s see the film .
Some words are usually followed by the P.P. form : كلمات يتبعها التصريف الثالث
{ have – has – had (perfect tenses )am – is – are – was – were – be being (passive voice )}
Example : The car is stolen .
Some words are usually followed by the -ing form : ( الفعل-ing ) كلمات يتبعها
{ am – is – are – was – were – be ( Continuous tenses ) go – like – love – enjoy – keen on – interested in – look forward to – how about – what about – used for – kept for – fancy…}
Example : Ali is keen on swimming .
now – here – quickly
then – there – loudly
on Friday – at home – fast
at 5 o’clock – on the table – quietly …..etc.
Example : See you on Friday .
Tensesأزمنة الفعل
1)-The present simple: الزمن المضارع ( الحاضر ) البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه everyday – always – sometimes – often – usually – rarely – once a week – generally – habitually – never .
( Expressing a fact حقيقة or a habit عادة )يعبر عن
I- We – You – They = ( infinitive أصل الفعل )
He – She – It = ( infinitive أصل الفعل+ s )
Examples :أمثلة
1-We always travel in summer . ( a habit عادة)
2-My father always travels in summer . ( a habit عادة)
3-The sun rises in the east . ( a fact حقيقة )
4-Ahmed ( ride ) his bike everyday . …rides……
5-Hisham ( drive) once a week . …drives… .
6-It ( rain ) in winter . … rains…
7-The sky ( be ) blue . …is….
8-Ahmed ( have ) a good bicycle . …. has…
2)-The past simple:الزمن الماضي البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه yesterday – last night – in the past – When I was a boy – ago .
الفعل + ed الفعل النظامي
الفعل الشاذ التصريف الثاني من الفعل
Examples :أمثلة
1-It (rain) last night . … rained ..
2-I ( meet) Ahmed yesterday . …met…
3-He ( can ) pass the test last year . ..could…
4-They ( be ) at the party one hour ago . …were…
3)-The Future simple: الزمن المستقبل البسيط
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه tomorrow – next – in the future – When I leave school I…………….
Examples :أمثلة 1-They ( come ) tomorrow . …will come…
2-She ( help ) me next Monday . …will help…
3-In the future , man ( live ) on the moon . …will live…
4)-The present continuous: الزمن المضارع المستمر
Key words:الكلمات الدالة عليه now – at this moment – right now – Look ! – Listen!.
I am
He – She – It is الفعل + ing
We – You – They are
Examples :
1-At the moment ,we ( study ) English . ..are studying…
2-The boys (play ) football in the garden now . …are playing…
3-It ( rain ) now . ….is raining…
4-Ahmed ( watch ) TV right now . …is watching…
5-Now , I ( listen ) to the Holy Qur’aan . ….am listening…
5)-The past continuous :الزمن الماضي المستمر
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه while – when – as
I, He , She , It was + الفعل+ ing
We ,You , They were + الفعل+ ing
Examples :
1.I was speaking on the phone when my father called me .
2.We were playing football when it started to rain .
3.While the teacher was explaining the lesson Ahmad spoke .
6)-The present perfect:الزمن المضارع التام
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه just – for – since – already – never – ever – yet .
I , We , You , They have + P.P
He , She , It has + P.P
Examples :
1.I have already seen this film.
2.She has not come back yet.
3.They have just finished the homework.
4.We have never visited Aqua Park.
5.Have you ever seen a dinosaur ?
7)-The past perfect: الزمن الماضي التام
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه before – after – when – already (+a verb in the past simple)
Examples :
1.When I arrived at the airport, the plane had already left .
2.I ate breakfast after I had prayed Al-fajr .
3.Before we travelled to Mecca we had bought what we needed .
8)-The present perfect continuous:الزمن المضارع التام المستمر
Key words :الكلمات الدالة عليه for – since ( followed by words like : “all “ , “and still”
I , We , You , They have been + V + ing
He , She , It has been + V + ing
Examples :
1.We have been working in Kuwait since 1981 .
2.He has been looking for the watch for three days and he hasn’t found it
yet .
3.It has been raining all the morning .
9)-The future continuous:الزمن المستقبل المستمر
will + be + V-ing
shall + be +V-ing
Examples :
1-At 6 o’clock tomorrow I will be flying to London .
2-At the same time next Monday, we’ll be driving to Saudi Arabia.
10)-The future Perfect Tense: الزمن المستقبل التام (“by” followed by a future reference )
will / shall have + P.P.
Examples :
1.By 10 o’clock tomorrow we’ll have finished the job .
2.By the end of next week she will have completed the design .
Some words are usually followed by the infinitive form:كلمات يتبعها أصل الفعل
{ will – shall – would – should – can – could – may – might – don’t – didn’t – doesn’t – let’s – to …}
Example :Let’s see the film .
Some words are usually followed by the P.P. form : كلمات يتبعها التصريف الثالث
{ have – has – had (perfect tenses )am – is – are – was – were – be being (passive voice )}
Example : The car is stolen .
Some words are usually followed by the -ing form : ( الفعل-ing ) كلمات يتبعها
{ am – is – are – was – were – be ( Continuous tenses ) go – like – love – enjoy – keen on – interested in – look forward to – how about – what about – used for – kept for – fancy…}
Example : Ali is keen on swimming .